Fungal Arthritis

Fungal Arthritis is one of the rarest types of arthritis (infectious). This type of arthritis, also known as Mycotic Arthritis is caused by one of the six types of fungal conditions: blastomycosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, or sporotrichosis. These infections can be caused when fungal spores enter through the respiratory system or through a scraper or cut. These fungi live mostly in moss, soil, dying vegetation, hay, or bird droppings. The infection is not usually diagnosed right away and if not diagnosed quickly enough can lead to joint damage. Larger joints are affected more often. The people most likely to contract Fungal Arthritis are people with weak immune systems, people with AIDS, people undergoing chemotherapy, and drug users. The treatment is usually to use antifungal drugs (amphotericin B, fluconazole, ketoconazole, or itraconazole) although advanced bone and joint infections might require infected tissue to be surgically removed.

Works Cited
Moore, Shelley. "Fungal Arthritis Causes & Symptoms | EHow.com." EHow | How to Videos, Articles & More - Discover the Expert in You. | EHow.com. EHow. Web. 27 Nov. 2011. <http://www.ehow.com/facts_4811742_fungal-arthritis-causes-symptoms.html>.


"Fungal Arthritis." Healthcare Center. Ed. David C. Dugdale. A.D.A.M. Inc., 12 Jan. 2009. Web. 27 Nov. 2011. <http://adam.about.net/encyclopedia/infectiousdiseases/Fungal-arthritis.htm>.


"Mycotic Arthritis." Arthritis Symptoms. Consumer Health Information Network, 11 Aug. 2011. Web. 27 Nov. 2011. <http://arthritis-symptom.com/m-r/mycotic-arthritis.htm>.

Bone Fractures

Types of Bone Fractures


Different types of bone fractures are caused by several different situations. Fractures can be spontaneous, open, closed, impacted, undisplaced, pathologic, or compound depending on the severity of the accident or cause of the fracture. Serious fractures can be very dangerous if not treated quickly, causing problems like damage to blood vessels and nerves, infections of the bone, and infections of the surrounding tissue. The severity depends on the damage done to the bone and tissue near it. The healing and recuperation of a fracture depends on the health and age of the person suffering from it. 


There are several types of bone fractures, with the main ones being:

• Greenstick fracture: an incomplete fracture that occurs on the convex surface and causes a bend on the other side of the bone (usually occurs in children.).
• Fissured fracture: incomplete fracture that occurs longitudinally.
• Comminuted fracture: complete fracture in which the bone fragments into several pieces (three or more).
• Transverse fracture: complete fracture that occurs at a right angle to the bone's axis.
• Oblique fracture: complete fracture that occurs at an angle of the axis of the bone and the break has a curved or sloped pattern. 
• Spiral fracture: complete fracture that is caused by excessive twisting of the bone. 

Other types of bone fractures are categorized under these types of fractures:

• Closed or simple fracture: fracture in which the skin is not torn or cut yet the bone is still fractured.
• Open fracture: fracture in which the skin is opened either because of impact occurring during the fracture or because of a puncture caused by the fractured bone.
• Impacted fracture/ Buckle fracture: fracture that occurs when a bone's ends are driven into each other.
• Displaced bone fracture: fracture in which the ends of the fracture move away from each other, forming a noticeable gap.
• Undisplaced bone fracture/ Hairline fracture: A fracture that does not separate the parts, without a gap.
• Pathological bone fracture: A fracture caused by a weakness formed by disease (cancer, osteoporosis,etc.).
• Compound bone fracture: fracture that creates an external wound because caused by the bones piercing the skin.

There are many other fractures that you could read about, but these are the most common.

Works Cited

Dr. Gauresh. "Bone Fractures." Bone Fracture Types, Symptoms, Healing, Repair, Treatment and Pictures. Orthoped.org, 2010. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://www.bonefractures.org/>.

"Fractures: An Overview - Your Orthopaedic Connection - AAOS." AAOS - Your Orthopaedic Connection. Ed. William A. Grana. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Mar. 2000. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00139>.

"Types of Bone Fractures: Buckle Fracture, Stress Fracture, Comminuted Fracture, and More." WebMD - Better Information. Better Health. Ed. Michael W. Smith. WebMD, 26 Oct. 2010. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-fractures-basic-information>.

Nat

Liz
http://ebbermudez.blogspot.com/2011/11/bone-fractures.html


Pao
http://paobeaar.blogspot.com/2011/11/how-do-fractures-occur-how-are-they.html